Apparatus for manufacturing hollow projectiles.



3 Sheets-Sheet l.

Patented Dec. l2, |899.

E. F. HOLINGEB.

(Application led Fab. 21, 1899.)

TH: cams persas co. Fuomumc.. WASHINGTON D c APPARATUS FUR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW PRJECTILES.

(No Model.)

nu. 633,307'. Patented nec. l2, |899. E. F. HOLINGER.

APPARATUS FUR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW PBDJEGTILES.

(Ap'plicaeion med nu. 21, 1599.)

'(No Model.)

.3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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luz/anfora 55...;

Patented Dec. i2, |899.

E. F. HLINGER. APPARATUS FUR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW PRDJECTILES.

(Application iled Feb. 21, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

@No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL F. HOLINGER, OF MCKEESPORT, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO TIIE NATIONAL TUBE COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENN- SYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW PROJECTILES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 638,807', dated December 12, 1899.

Application tiled February 21, 1899. Serial No. 706,366. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, EMIL F. HOLINGER, of McKeesport, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in the Art of Manufacturing Hollow Projectiles, of which the following is a specification.

These improvements relate to the art of manufacturing hollow projectiles from solid billets of metal by the employment of a die Io for imparting the exterior form to the metal and a piercing-punch for piercing the solid billet to the required depth.

The characteristic features of the present invention are as follows: The piercing-punch is with its pointed head uppermost. The solid billet has formed in its lower end a recess conforming to the shape of the conoidalhead of the piercing-punch. The die is the active member of the piercing-couple and is reciprocated in a vertical path by means of suitably-arranged hydraulic pistons acting on the carriage in which the die is mounted. Vertical rods secured to the die-carriage extend down a sufficient distance below the lower end of the die and are affixed to a cross-head, which is perforated to admit a vertical post, in the upper end of which the lower end of the piercing-punch is secured. A sleeve loosely applied to the punch rests at its lower end upon the top of the said post, and at its upper end affords an annular bearing for the lower end of the billet. The billet may be of the same diameter as the cylindrical part of the die or it may be slightly smaller in diameter than the die, in which case it will be made longer than when it is of the same diameter, if it be desired that the quantity of metal in the two forms of billet shall be the same. The upper end of the die is of a hollow conoidal shape and in the center is provided with a vertical perforation of comparatively small diameter.

Apparatus suitable for carrying the invention in to effect is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which are as follows:

Figure 1 is an elevation, partly broken out and partly in vertical section, showing the billetdeposited upon the upper end of the punch and supporting-sleeve and showing the die-carriage supported upon hydraulic pisstationary and occupies a vertical position, j

tons beneath it and also showing the ram by which the die is forced downward and showing the lower end of the hydraulic piston with which the ram is connected. Fig. `EZ represents the same parts at an intermediate stage 5 inthe operation at which the billet is partially pierced and its Lipper' end partially Vreduced to conoidal shape. Fig. 3 represents the same parts at the concluding stage in the operation, showing the completion of the 6o piercing operation and the transformation of the upper end of the billet into the shape of the upper end of the hollow die. In Fig. 4 the die is represented in its highest positionand the iinished projectile as having been so far elevated as to be stripped from the punch. Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section of a billet of uniform diameter centrally recessed at one end to fit the upper end of the punch. Fig. 6 is a central longitudinal section of a 7c billet somewhat longer than the one shown in Fig. 5 and also smaller in diameter, excepting at its lower end, which is represented as havin-g been slightly expanded during the operation of forming in it the recess to t the upper end of the punch. Fig. 7 is a central longitudinal section of the completed shell of the projectile.

In the apparatus represented in the drawings there is contained, as shown, a hollow 8o die A, interiorly shaped to conform to the cylindrical surface and con oidally-pointed head of a projectile. By means of the flange A the die is seated in the reciprocable carriage B. The upper end of the die is provided with a central longitudinal perforation A2, which serves as a vent-hole for the escape of air and for the reception of any excess of metal from the upper end of the die during the concluding part of the piercing operation. The car- 9o riage is provided with vertical ribs B B', in l which there are formed perforations B2 B2, adapted to slide upon the columns B5 B3, the lower ends of which are fastened to the bedplate B, while their upper ends are fastened to and support the main hydraulic cylinder C. The main hydraulic piston C is provided at its lower end with the cross-head C2, adapted to slide upon the vertical columns B3 B3. Afiixed to and projecting downwardly from roo draulic cylinders D2 D2.

the said cross-head is the ram O3, the lower end of which bears directly upon the top of the die A. The carriage B is also provided with laterally-projecting lugs D D, adapted.

to bear upon the upper ends of the vertical hydraulic pistons D' D', seated in the hy- It will be understood that the hydraulic appliances are represented conventionally.

- Water under pressure is introduced into the lower ends of the cylinders D2 D2 when it is desired to elevate the carriage B and die A. When it is desired to force the carriage and die downward, water under pressure is introduced into the main hydraulic cylinder C, and at the same time the water is allowed to escape from the lower ends of the cylinders D2 D2. As the carriage descends the lower open end of the die A encounters and incloses the upper end of the billet E. The lower end of the billet is provided with the conoidal recess E and is seated upon the apex orso-called piercing-head F of the stationary punch F. As an additional means of appropriately supporting the billet the punch is provided with the loose sleeve F2, which rests at its lower end upon the top of the post F3, in which the lower end of the punch F is secured. A cross-head G, connected by means of vertical bolts G Gvto the carriage B, is vertically perforated to loosely admit the punch F and its supporting-post F3 and constitutes the stripper for stripping the product from the punch.

The billet may be a cylinder of substantially the same diameter as the cylindrical part of the die, as represented in central longitudinal section in Fig. 5, or the same quantity of metal may be disposed in the form of the billet represented in central longitudinal section in Fig. 6, the cylindrical part of which is of slightly smaller diameter than the die, except at its lower end,where the metal is represented as having been slightly expanded as the result of formation in it of the recess E.

The finished product is represented in central longitudinal section in Fig. 7.

As the die descends and the upper end of the billet encounters the contracted upper end of the die the billet is forced downward over the punch. The displaced metal completely fills the space between the punch and the wall of the die and to some extent exudes in a downward direction around the punch. As will be seen, the direction of motion of the die is the same as the direction of the thus exnding metal, and there is hence but little friction of the metal of the billet upon the wall of the die.

Fig. 2 illustrates the intermediate stage in the process, at which the upper endl of the billet has partially conformed to the conoidal shape of the upper end of the die and a considerable portion of the lower part of the billet has been transformed into ahollow cylindrical shape.

At the concluding stage of the process, as represented in Fig. 3, the die has so far descended that the lower annular end of the billet has been brought to rest by collision with the upper end of the sleeve F2, while the upper end of the die has been completely lled with the metal and the slight excess of metal has entered the lower end of the vent-hole A2 and formed the central teat E2 upon the conoidal upper end of the projectile.

The product contracts in cooling, so that it remains adherent to the punch, as represented in Fig. 4, until stripped therefrom by the elevation of the stripper G and the consequent elevation of the sleeve F2 to the position in which the parts are represented in Fig. 4.

That is claimed as the invention isl. In apparatus for transforming suitablyheated solid metallic billets into hollow objects; a stationary vertical piercing-punch; a hollow die interiorly shaped to correspond with the exterior surface of the desired product; a movable carriage adapted to carry said die; vertical guides for guiding said carriage in a path appropriately related to the longitudinal axis of said punch; means for forcibly imparting reciprocating vertical movements to said carriage in a path extending above and below the level of the upper extremity of said stationary punch and means for supporting the object to be pierced upon the apex of the piercing-punch while the matrix is in its elevated position.

2. In apparatus for transforming suitablyheated solid metallic billets into shells for projectiles, a stationary vertical piercing-punch;

IOO

a hollow die interiorly shaped to correspond with the exterior su rface and conoidally-pointed apex of the desired product; a reciprocable carriage mounted on vertical guides and adapted to carry said die in appropriate vertical alinement with said punch; means for forcibly imparting to said carriage a prescribed ran ge of downward movement; means for elevating said carriage a suitable distance above the upper end of said punch, and a reciprocatable stripper arranged at an appropriate distance below said carriage for stripping the pierced billet from the punch.

EMIL F. IIOLINGER.

lVitnesses:

F. L. PINKHAM, I. D. KUNTZELMAN.

IIO 

